Grammar cases in Modern Greek – Οι πτώσεις των ουσιαστικών

Sep 14, 2025 | Greek Language

Grammar cases in Modern  Greek

 

What are the four cases in Modern Greek?

 

The four cases of Modern Greek are as follows:

nominative case = ονομαστική πτώση

genitive case = γενική πτώση

accusative case = αιτιατική πτώση 

vocative case = κλητική πτώση 

 

The use of nominative case

Nominative case is the case of the subject in sentences.

Examples:

 

Ο Δημήτρης διαβάζει ένα βιβλίο.

Ο σκύλος τρώει το φαγητό του.

Subject in the nominative case: Ο Δημήτρης

Subject in the nominative case: Ο σκύλος

 

The use of genitive case

 

Genitive case can be used as subject in sentences with a small number of verbs.

Example:

 

Ο Δημήτρης μοιάζει του αδερφού του.

Genitive case expresses possession.

Example:

Το βιβλίο της Μαρίας είναι πάνω στο γραφείο.

 

The use of accusative case

 

Nominative case is the case of the subject in sentences.

Examples:

 

Η Ελένη αγαπάει τον Κώστα.

Ο Κώστας αγαπάει την Ελένη.

 

The use of vocative case

 

Vocative case is used when we speak to somebody directly.

Examples:

 

Δημήτρη, είσαι εδώ; – Dimitris, are you here?

Άγγελε, έλα εδώ! – Angel, come here!

 

Possible difficulties in cases for bilingual students

– to erase the ending letter -s from the accusative case of masculine nouns

– to realise when to use the nominative or the accusative case in sentences

– to use the articles in the correct case before the nouns

Vocabulary – Λεξιλόγιο

 

1/ η πτώση – οι πτώσεις = case cases

2/ το ουσιαστικό – τα ουσιαστικά = noun – nouns

3/ το αρσενικό = masculine

4/ το θηλυκό = feminine

5/ το ουδέτερο = neutral

6/ το γένος = gender

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